Unit 0312-16% of exam9 lessons

Cellular Energetics

Enzymes, photosynthesis, and cellular respiration.

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Lessons

3.1Enzyme StructureEnzymes are shaped proteins (or ribozymes) whose specific structure creates an active site for a substrate.
3.2Enzyme CatalysisEnzymes speed up reactions by lowering activation energy through induced fit and other mechanisms.
3.3Environmental Impacts on Enzyme FunctionTemperature, pH, and regulatory molecules alter enzyme shape and thus reaction rate.
3.4Cellular EnergyCells capture, store, and spend energy mainly via coupled reactions involving ATP.
3.5PhotosynthesisLight energy is converted into chemical energy stored in glucose via the light reactions and the Calvin cycle.
3.6Cellular RespirationGlucose is broken down through glycolysis, pyruvate oxidation, the Krebs cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation to produce ATP.
3.7FitnessVariation in metabolic and enzymatic pathways affects an organism's fitness across different environments.
3.6 (b)Anaerobic Respiration & FermentationWhat cells do when oxygen runs out - and why the yield collapses.
3.5 (b)C3, C4, and CAM PhotosynthesisThree evolutionary answers to the same problem: photorespiration in hot, dry climates.

Figure · reference

Enzyme action and induced fit model with activation energy graph

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